UK Resus Council guidelines recommend intramuscular adrenaline (1:1000) for anaphylaxis. Dosage for adults is 500 micrograms (0.5ml).

The CHA2DS2-VASc score is used to assess stroke risk in non-valvular AF to guide anticoagulation therapy.

Confusion (1), Urea >7 (1), RR >30 (1), BP low (1), Age >65 (1). Score is 4.

NICE recommends Anti-TTG IgA as the first-line screening test, provided total IgA is normal.

She has primary hypothyroidism (high TSH, low T4). Standard treatment is oral Levothyroxine.

ACE inhibitors should be suspended during acute illness/dehydration to prevent AKI progression (nephrotoxic potential).

Parkinson's involves extrapyramidal signs including resting tremor, bradykinesia, and lead-pipe or cogwheel rigidity.

NICE recommends NSAIDs or Colchicine first-line. As he has a history of peptic ulcers, NSAIDs (Ibuprofen) are contraindicated, making Colchicine the best choice.

Suspected ectopic pregnancy should be referred urgently to EPAU for specialist review and management.

Antidepressants typically take 2-4 weeks to show clinical benefit. Patients should be warned regarding delayed onset and potential initial increase in anxiety.

Bronchiolitis is usually viral (RSV) and management is supportive. As the infant is hydrated and has normal saturations, home care is appropriate.

In GP settings, if meningococcal disease is suspected (non-blanching rash), IM or IV Benzylpenicillin should be given immediately unless contraindicated.

The cornerstone of atopic eczema management is liberal and frequent use of emollients.

The classic history of migratory pain to the RIF in a young person is highly suggestive of appendicitis.

NICE recommends adding a Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist (MRA) like Spironolactone or Eplerenone if symptoms persist despite ACEi/BB.

While electrophoresis and Bence-Jones are screening tools, bone marrow biopsy showing >10% plasma cells is diagnostic.

ST elevation in II, III, and aVF indicates an inferior MI, which is typically due to occlusion of the RCA.

For asthma, the step after SABA PRN is the addition of a regular low-dose Inhaled Corticosteroid (e.g. Clenil).

If a second drug is added, the target becomes 53 mmol/mol. If one drug alone doesn't keep HbA1c below 48, intensification is needed.

Sudden pain, halos, and a mid-dilated fixed pupil are classic for acute angle-closure glaucoma.

For a suspected TIA, NICE recommends 300mg Aspirin immediately and assessment by a specialist within 24 hours.

Continuous inflammation starting from the rectum (proctitis extending proximally) is characteristic of Ulcerative Colitis.

For knee/hand OA, NICE recommends topical NSAIDs before considering oral NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors. Paracetamol is no longer first-line.

Preeclampsia is defined as new-onset hypertension (>20 weeks) and significant proteinuria (or other organ dysfunction).

In older people, confusion alone without urinary symptoms/systemic signs should not be diagnosed as UTI based on dipstick, as asymptomatic bacteriuria is common.

Schneider's first-rank symptoms (thought broadcasting, third-person auditory hallucinations) for >1 month support a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

GBS (Streptococcus agalactiae) and E. coli are the most common causes of neonatal meningitis and sepsis.

In an older male or post-menopausal female, iron deficiency anaemia is colorectal cancer until proven otherwise (requires urgent 2WW referral for scope).

NICE recommends primary prevention with Atorvastatin 20mg for patients with a QRISK3 score of 10% or higher.

Acute exacerbation of COPD with increased sputum purulence/volume warrants antibiotics and steroids (usually 5 days).

NICE guidelines now recommend mp-MRI as the first-line investigation for suspected prostate cancer before biopsy.

Flucloxacillin is the first-line antibiotic for cellulitis because it covers the most common pathogens (Staphylococcus and Streptococcus).

For conscious patients with hypoglycaemia, fast-acting oral carbohydrates (e.g. glucose tablets, Lucozade) are first-line.

NICE recommends a potent corticosteroid plus a vitamin D analogue, applied once daily (separately or combined) as first-line for plaque psoriasis.

Sodium channel blockers like Carbamazepine and Phenytoin can exacerbate myoclonic and absence seizures.

For displaced intracapsular fractures in patients who are fit (mobile with no more than one stick, no cognitive impairment), THA is preferred over hemiarthroplasty.

For patients of African or Afro-Caribbean origin (regardless of age), or those over 55, a CCB (e.g. Amlodipine) is first-line.

Adhesions from previous surgery are the most common cause of small bowel obstruction.

A stepwise decline associated with cerebrovascular disease (strokes) is characteristic of Vascular Dementia.

For slow progress in the first stage of labour, ARM (Amniotomy) is usually the first intervention before oxytocin.

If a PE is 'likely' (Wells >4), the patient should proceed directly to definitive imaging (CTPA).

Synacthen (synthetic ACTH) stimulation test is the definitive test for primary adrenal insufficiency (Addison's).

NSAIDs (usually IM or PR Diclofenac) are more effective than opioids for the pain of renal colic.

In patients with uncomplicated GERD, a trial of a Proton Pump Inhibitor (e.g. Omeprazole) is appropriate.

IV drug use is a high-risk factor for right-sided endocarditis, most commonly affecting the tricuspid valve.

Carbimazole can cause life-threatening agranulocytosis. Patients must report any symptoms of infection immediately for a FBC.

Short-lived vertigo triggered by head movement is the hallmark of BPPV. Diagnosis is via the Dix-Hallpike maneuver.

For INR >8.0 with no bleeding, Warfarin should be stopped and 1-5mg of oral Vitamin K given.

Children with chickenpox should be excluded from school/nursery until all vesicles have crusted over (usually 5 days).

Naloxone is the competitive antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression in opioid overdose.